Venezuela is a northern South American country on the Caribbean, holder of the world's largest proven oil reserves, with Angel Falls — the world's tallest uninterrupted waterfall — and a recent severe economic crisis.
Geography & landscape
Venezuela sits in South America, in the northern hemisphere of South America. With an area of approximately 916,445 km², it is a mid-sized country, set in the northern hemisphere and exposed to the tropical climate band typical of its latitude. Its capital, Caracas, lies near coordinates 8°, -66°.
The country shares the cultural and geographic context of South America, with neighbouring states and trade routes shaped by its position in the wider South America region. Topography, watersheds and coastline (where present) define the practical realities of agriculture, settlement and transport across Venezuela.
People & society
The population of Venezuela is around 28M. Communities, dialects and customs vary by region, and the country’s sense of identity is shaped by its history, its borders and the everyday rhythms of its towns and cities.
The official language is Spanish, used in government, education and most public life. Regional dialects, minority languages and immigrant communities add further linguistic texture.
Government & politics
Venezuela is structured as a federal presidential republic. Political authority is exercised through institutions based primarily in Caracas, with the head of state and head of government performing constitutional roles defined by the country’s legal framework. Domestic policy, foreign relations and the administration of public services all flow from this constitutional core.
Economy & currency
The official currency of Venezuela is the Venezuelan Bolívar (VES). Monetary policy, banking, taxation and trade are managed nationally, often in coordination with regional and international institutions. Major economic activity tends to cluster around Caracas and other principal urban centres, with secondary economies built on the country’s natural resources, manufacturing capacity and service industries.
Culture & everyday life
The cultural footprint of Venezuela shows up in cuisine, music, sport, religious life, festivals and design. National holidays mark the country’s historical pivots; family meals, café culture and street life follow patterns rooted in geography and tradition. International audiences usually meet Venezuela through its sport, its music, its food, or the global diaspora that carries those things abroad.
Travel essentials
The capital, Caracas, is the natural starting point for first-time visitors. International dialling uses the country code +58, and clocks are set to the VET (UTC-4) time zone. ISO standards identify Venezuela as VE (alpha-2) and VEN (alpha-3) — useful when booking flights, decoding number plates, or matching customs paperwork. The flag, 🇻🇪, appears at every border post and on every passport.
By the numbers
Sort or filter the table below to compare key metrics at a glance.
| Metric | Value | Unit / Note |
|---|---|---|
| Capital city | Caracas | — |
| Continent | South America | — |
| Sub-region | South America | — |
| Population | 28M | people |
| Area | 916,445 | km² |
| Currency | Venezuelan Bolívar (VES) | — |
| Calling code | +58 | international dialling |
| Time zone | VET (UTC-4) | standard time |
| Government type | Federal presidential republic | — |
| ISO 3166 alpha-2 | VE | 2-letter code |
| ISO 3166 alpha-3 | VEN | 3-letter code |
| Latitude | 8 | degrees |
| Longitude | -66 | degrees |
Did you know?
Angel Falls in Venezuela is the world's tallest uninterrupted waterfall at 979 m — 15 times taller than Niagara Falls.
