Luxembourg.

Luxembourg is a tiny landlocked grand duchy between Belgium, France and Germany, hosting major European Union institutions and consistently ranking near the top globally for income per capita.

Geography & landscape

Luxembourg sits in Western Europe, in the northern hemisphere of Europe. With an area of approximately 2,586 km², it is a compact territory, set in the northern hemisphere and exposed to the temperate climate band typical of its latitude. Its capital, Luxembourg, lies near coordinates 49.75°, 6.17°.

The country shares the cultural and geographic context of Europe, with neighbouring states and trade routes shaped by its position in the wider Western Europe region. Topography, watersheds and coastline (where present) define the practical realities of agriculture, settlement and transport across Luxembourg.

People & society

The population of Luxembourg is around 660K. Communities, dialects and customs vary by region, and the country’s sense of identity is shaped by its history, its borders and the everyday rhythms of its towns and cities.

Luxembourg recognises multiple official languages — Luxembourgish, French and German — reflecting the cultural plurality at the heart of national life. The choice of language often shifts with region, audience and context.

Government & politics

Luxembourg is structured as a constitutional monarchy. Political authority is exercised through institutions based primarily in Luxembourg, with the head of state and head of government performing constitutional roles defined by the country’s legal framework. Domestic policy, foreign relations and the administration of public services all flow from this constitutional core.

Economy & currency

The official currency of Luxembourg is the Euro (EUR). Monetary policy, banking, taxation and trade are managed nationally, often in coordination with regional and international institutions. Major economic activity tends to cluster around Luxembourg and other principal urban centres, with secondary economies built on the country’s natural resources, manufacturing capacity and service industries.

Culture & everyday life

The cultural footprint of Luxembourg shows up in cuisine, music, sport, religious life, festivals and design. National holidays mark the country’s historical pivots; family meals, café culture and street life follow patterns rooted in geography and tradition. International audiences usually meet Luxembourg through its sport, its music, its food, or the global diaspora that carries those things abroad.

Travel essentials

The capital, Luxembourg, is the natural starting point for first-time visitors. International dialling uses the country code +352, and clocks are set to the CET (UTC+1) time zone. ISO standards identify Luxembourg as LU (alpha-2) and LUX (alpha-3) — useful when booking flights, decoding number plates, or matching customs paperwork. The flag, 🇱🇺, appears at every border post and on every passport.

By the numbers

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Did you know?

Luxembourg was the first country in the world to make all public transport — buses, trams and trains — completely free of charge in 2020.